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Glossary

Business Models & Revenue

How startups make money.
25 terms
Affiliate

Partner earns commission for referred customers.

ARPA

Average Revenue Per Account.

ARPU

Average Revenue Per User.

B2B

Business-to-business model selling to companies.

B2C

Business-to-consumer model selling to individuals.

CAC

Customer Acquisition Cost: cost to acquire a customer.

COGS

Costs directly tied to delivering the product/service.

Cross-sell

Selling complementary products to existing customers.

D2C

Direct-to-consumer brand selling without intermediaries.

Freemium

Free tier with paid upgrades for premium features.

GMV

Gross Merchandise Value: total value of transactions on a marketplace.

Gross Margin

Revenue minus cost of goods sold, as a percentage.

Licensing

Charging for the right to use software/IP under terms.

LTV

Lifetime Value: expected revenue from a customer over time.

Marketplace

Platform connecting buyers and sellers, often taking a commission.

Payback Period

Time to recover CAC from gross profit.

Paywall

A mechanism restricting access until payment.

Revenue Share

Model where partners split revenue based on an agreement.

Royalty

A recurring payment based on usage or revenue for licensed IP.

SaaS

Software as a Service: subscription-based software delivered online.

Subscription

Recurring payment model for ongoing access.

Take Rate

Percentage of transaction value captured by a marketplace.

Unit Economics

Profitability per unit (customer/order), crucial for scaling.

Upsell

Selling higher-tier features or more capacity to existing customers.

Usage-based Pricing

Pricing based on consumption (API calls, seats used, data volume).